python 实用库收集

HTTP Server

参考一个完整的服务端配置

server.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Very simple HTTP server in python for logging requests
Usage::
    ./server.py [<port>]
"""
from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer
import logging


token = open("token").read().strip()


class S(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def _set_response(self):
        self.send_response(200)
        self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
        self.end_headers()


    def do_GET(self):
        logging.info("GET request,\nPath: %s\nHeaders:\n%s\n", str(self.path), str(self.headers))
        self._set_response()
        self.wfile.write("GET request for {}".format(self.path).encode('utf-8'))


    def do_POST(self):
        content_length = int(self.headers['Content-Length']) # <--- Gets the size of data
        post_data = self.rfile.read(content_length) # <--- Gets the data itself
        logging.info("POST request, Body:\n%s\n", post_data.decode('utf-8'))


        self._set_response()


        if (post_data.decode('utf-8') == f"token={token}"):
            logging.info("[+] Token Success\n")
            self.wfile.write("Token Success".encode('utf-8'))
        else:
            logging.info("[-] Token Failed\n")
            self.wfile.write("Token Failed".encode('utf-8'))






def run(server_class=HTTPServer, handler_class=S, port=8080):
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
    server_address = ('', port)
    httpd = server_class(server_address, handler_class)
    logging.info('Starting httpd...\n')
    try:
        httpd.serve_forever()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass
    httpd.server_close()
    logging.info('Stopping httpd...\n')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    from sys import argv


    if len(argv) == 2:
        run(port=int(argv[1]))
    else:
        run()

http Client

推荐两个模块urllib3和requests

requests 模块

官方参考链接

发送请求

import requests


r = requests.get('https://api.github.com/events')
r = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data = {'key':'value'})
r = requests.put('http://httpbin.org/put', data = {'key':'value'})
r = requests.delete('http://httpbin.org/delete')
r = requests.head('http://httpbin.org/get')
r = requests.options('http://httpbin.org/get')

传递URL信息和响应信息

payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
r = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get", params=payload)


print(r.url)
# http://httpbin.org/get?key2=value2&key1=value1


r.text  # u解码后的
r.content # b未解码的
r.encoding = 'gbk2312' # 指定解码类型

定制请求头

url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'
headers = {'user-agent': 'my-app/0.0.1'}
cookies = dict(cookies_are='working')




r = requests.get(url, headers=headers, cookies=cookies)


r.request.headers # 查看请求头部
r.headers  # 查看响应头部

响应状态码

r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
r.status_code
# 200


r.status_code == requests.codes.ok
# True


bad_r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/404')
bad_r.status_code
# 404
bad_r.raise_for_status() # 错误将抛出异常，否则为None

重定向历史

r = requests.get('http://github.com')
r.url
# 'https://github.com/'
r.status_code
# 200
r.history
# [<Response [301]>]


r = requests.get('http://github.com', allow_redirects=False)
r.status_code
# 301
r.history
# []

urllib3 模块

POST 方法参考

from urllib3 import PoolManager
from urllib.parse import urlencode, urljoin
import chardet


def get_chapters()
    http = PoolManager()


    post_url = 'https://info.support.huawei.com/network/ptmngsys/getTsrevList'
    data = {
        'lang': 'CN',
        'family': family_str
    }
    res = http.request('POST', post_url, body=urlencode(data),
                       headers={
                           'Cookie': 'JSESSIONID=F5D938CEFxxxxxxxxxxxxx4559465B96; infosupport_network_ptmngsys_sticky=pro_dggpmw1tmc02615.huawei.com_8080:3; hwsso_uniportal=""; hwsso_login=""',
                           'Host': 'info.support.huawei.com',
                           'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'
    }
    )
    if res.status != 200:
        print("Can't open web, check cookie value.")
        return


    encode_type = chardet.detect(res.data)  # 自动判断编码类型
    body = res.data.decode(encode_type['encoding'])

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